Public Finance Assignment - 831 Words

Problem 1 (Public goods/Voting) Recommended source: Rosen, Public Finance. Citizens/voters in a hamlet inhabited by only three citizens consider the provision of street light. The marginal benefit curve of each citizen is downward sloping in the amount of street light provided. The cost of providing street light consists of erecting lamp posts and the electricity for illumination. For part a)-c) of this question, assume the following: All lamps are switched on during the hours of darkness such that the cost of providing street light is linear in the number of lamp posts erected and street light provision is financed by a local poll tax which divides the cost of providing the light equally among the citizens. a) In a graph, determine†¦show more content†¦b) Suppose that, in order to single out some alternative as the winner nonetheless, a decision is taken in a two step majority voting procedure: In the first round one alternative is put against another alternative and in the second round the first round winner is put for a vote against the remaining alternative. The winner of the second round vote is declared overall winner. ba) For all possible combinations of second round votes over pairs of alternatives, write down the winning alternative. bb) Write down all possible combinations of pairs of alternatives in the first round of voting. For each pair do the following: For the first alternative, write down the overall winning alternative if the first alternative would make it to the second round of voting. Do the same for the second alternative of the pair. How should voters in the first round of voting decide between the alternatives they face? cc) If voter 3 is the chair (or agenda setter) and can decide which alternatives to put for a vote in the first round of voting: Which pair should she pick? Problem 3 (Majority voting v. Borda vote count) (Recommended source: Schotter, Microeconomics, chapter 18). The board of Moot Oil has to decide which of four alternative oil field developments, A, B, C or D should be realized. The board consists of three voting members. The oil fieldsShow MoreRelatedPublic Sector Finance Assignment - Study Mode3793 Words   |  16 PagesASSIGNMENT TITTLE: ASSIGNMENT – PUBLIC SECTOR FINANCE SUBJECT: PUBLIC SECTOR FINANCE COURSE: MASTERS IN DEVELOPMENT FINANCE UNIVERSITY OF STELLENBOSCH: GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS LECTURER: Prof Gavin Woods DUE DATE: 7 MAY 2009 DECLARATION I herewith declare this work to be my own, that I have acknowledged all sources I have consulted in this assignment itself and not only in the bibliography, that all wording unaccompanied by a reference is my own, and that no partRead MoreThe Budget System of Kyrgyzstan1961 Words   |  8 PagesI. Introduction In this paper I am going to explain budget system of Kyrgyzstan. The government budget is one of the main instruments for implementing public policy. Any budget system focused on achieving the following global objectives: economic efficiency, social justice, political stability, rule of law and strengthening the unity of the state. Kyrgyzstan is quite young country as it became independent from the Soviet Union in 1991 after its collapse. Situation was uncertain as it was decidedRead MoreAre the government officials good stewards of public funds?2252 Words   |  10 Pagesthe government officials good stewards of public funds? The parliament should play an active role in ensuring the availability and credibility of fiscal information. There should be clear procedure for budget execution, monitoring, and reporting. The accounting system should provide a reliable basis for tracking revenues, commitments, payments, arrears, liabilities, and assets, writes M S Siddiqui A budget is a governments plan on the use of public resources to meet the citizens needs. BudgetRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Fiscal Responsibility Act of Nigeria 2007: an Overview3786 Words   |  16 PagesOF NIGERIA 2007: AN OVERVIEW BEING ASSIGNMENT SUBMITTED ON PUBLIC FINANCE (BKF 624) (FIRST SEMESTER COURSE WORK) BY ALAJEKWU UDOKA BERNARD 2008 162 001 MSc PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF BANKING AND FINANCE FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES ANAMBRA STATE UNIVERSITY LECTURER: DR. EZEABASILI V. N. OCTOBER, 2009 Page 1 of 19 ABSTRACT Fiscal Responsibility Act 2007 was designed to regulate and supervise the fiscal activities of public office holders in the country. This paperRead MoreFinancial Management and Control of the Public Sector in Ghana10665 Words   |  43 Pagesissue in the public sector has become focus of increasing attention in recent years. Financial management could be defined as series of processes consisting of the operations, maintenance of capital and assets, monitoring of performance particularly financial reporting on the state of the finances. (Local Government Information Digest –November 2000.) Financial management is seen in this text as being proactive in the use of financial and other information to actively manage the public sector enterpriseRead MoreIndian Fiscal Policy Impacts9621 Words   |  39 Pagesfiscal stimulus. The argument mostly centers on crowding out, a phenomena where government borrowing leads to higher interest rates that offset the simulative impact of spending. When the government runs a budget deficit, funds will need to come from public borrowing (the issue of government bonds), overseas borrowing, or monetizing the debt. When governments fund a deficit with the issuing of government bonds, interest rates can increase across the market, because government borrowing creates higherRead MoreBudget Deficit in Vietnam from 2008 - 20125259 Words   |  22 PagesNam for the latest 5 years 4 II.  Factors influencing budget deficit in Vietnam 4 II.1 State Budget Revenue 4 a. High tax rate 4 b. Revenues from unsustainable non tax resources 5 II.2 State Budget Spending 6 a. High public spending continuously 6 b. Widely spread public investment 6 c. Low investment efficiency from the SOE sector 7 III. Impact of Budget Deficit to Macroeconomic Variables in Theory and Practice 8 III.1 Inflation 8 III.2 Interest rate 8 III.3 Trade balance exchange rateRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Malaysian Economic Development From 1993 to 20023213 Words   |  13 Pagesmajor sectors; agricultural, mining, manufacturing and services and present their contributions to the economic growth, as well as the industrys growth rate itself by year-on-year (yoy). The other data used in this assignment would be the federal government finance and debt, inflation rate, unemployment rate, current account balances, gross domestic investments, gross domestic savings, merchandise export and import. Tables and graphs are also used as aids to illustrate theRead MoreFiscal Policy, Crowding out, Supply-side, Economics1957 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Economics Assignment #2 Question I. Fiscal Policy and the Crowding Out Effect. (a) What is the essence of the accounting identity (the so called saving investment identity) that the two distinguished professors refer to? Saving investment identity  is a concept in National Income accounting that states that the amount saved (S) in an economy is equal to the amount invested (I). It is an equilibrium expressed in terms ofRead MoreBangladesh National Budget Analysis16928 Words   |  68 Pagesto get a clear understanding over Bangladesh National Budget for FY2012-13. We have tried our best to gather all kinds of relevant information, which could give us an overall concept of this topic. We have studied the Budget speech 2012-13 by the Finance minister of Bangladesh and the CPD budget reaction for preparing this term paper. We hope that it will meet our expected standard. We have enjoyed the report very much. Especially, the given class lecture on this course helped us a lot and made the

Using Sociological Theories and Evidence Discuss Why the...

The British family is changing. Traditionally the family was not diverse, specific family types were very much associated with the time period, eg, pre industrial Britain the family type was the unit of production and 1850 - 1950 we had the classic extended family. 1950’s to 1970’s was the nuclear family. However in recent times there is evidence to suggest that this has changed. There is still the nuclear family which is usually a small family, with independance stable employment very much able to support itself but the nuclear family is very much diminished. We can also find many different types of families in society, there is now an extended family which has a wider kinship and are interdependent, a lone parent family where there is†¦show more content†¦Today over 50% of females have not given birth by the age of 30. Marriage has also became less popular. In 1981 the marriage rate was 7.1 marriages per 1,000 of the population: by 1992 this figure stood at 5.4. Stacey’s (1996) research stated ‘ traditional male jobs became scarce and insecure with the result that it became increasingly difficult for a family to live on just the fathers income. Once it became the norm for females to undertake some form of paid employment they were able to be more creative in their structures and relationships. This leads to diversity in all aspects of the family.’ Also Women are no longer financially dependant on men through job opportunities and support from the welfare state which can result in a growth of lone parent families. Minority ethnic groups also add to the diversity of British family life. This is a complex situation. Ballard 1982 and 1990 studied South Asian families , he found that adjustments in the family life occurred when a South Asian family moved to the UK, they continued to maintain their family traditions, familIes tended to live close together. He concluded that traditional South Asian family life suffered in the UK, families were able to retain their essential nature.A similar study by Bhatti (1999) on Asian families had similar results to Ballard. Overall it was found that South Asian family life have survived. However, they are being challenged as newShow MoreRelatedSociology Essay20437 Words   |  82 PagesCrown copyright  © material is reproduced under Class Licence No. CO1 W 0000195 with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen’s Printer for Scotland; Guardian News and Media Ltd for extracts from Ros Taylor, ‘Classes in non-traditional family life proposed by government’, The Guardian, 12.05.00. Copyright  © Guardian News Media Ltd 2000; Will Woodward, ‘Testing †¦ testing †¦ testing’, The Guardian 20.05.00. Copyright  © Guardian News Media Ltd 2000; ‘Adoption boost for gay couples’Read MoreDeterminants of Violence in the Greek Football League a Case Study of Paok Fc Supporters13608 Words   |  55 Pages because of the 2004 Olympic Games that will be held in Athens. A great debate is on in Greece these days, in order to institute measures for confrontation of football hooliganism. The previous minister of sports Mr Lianis tried to implement the British model of hooliganism elimination –expensive tickets, denial of entrance and stigmatisation of fans that in the past showed aggressive behaviour, severe financial penalties for football clubs that directly or indirectly tolerate these groups of supporters-Read MoreThe Role of Unions in South Africa19306 Words   |  78 Pagesresults of the research showed that collectivism was found to have a significant effect on the preparedness of individuals to fulfil their union obligations and to take part in industrial action; additionally the stud y concluded that there was no evidence pertaining to the demise of collectivism, at the time, in the two countries (Deery Walsh, 1999). Significantly this study has however been conducted almost a decade ago, and the drastic changes of the new working world have grown extensively sinceRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 PagesNovember 2007  © Dr. Lesley Prince 2007. Organisational Analysis: Notes and Essays Page i Page ii Please do not attempt to eat these notes. CONTENTS Introduction to the Workshop Topics And Themes The Nature and Scope of Organisation Theory Levels of Analysis The Metaphorical Approach Organising Processes Understanding Change Conflict, Negotiation, and the Politics of Change Group and Team Working Cultures and Leaders as Cultural Agents Trust Linking the Themes Introductory NotesRead MoreLearning from the Fashion Industry: a Structured Literature Review39302 Words   |  158 PagesA review of business models used by companies in the fashion industry is conducted to gain insights into the way that fashion firms manage demand. An extensive review of the literature reveals that the fashion industry is marketorientated and characterised by short life cycle products and low demand predictability. Lead time reduction enables the development of flexible manufacturing and logistics systems. Short lead times enable reduction of forecast errors and improvement of supply chain responsiveness

Sociology and Recreational Facilities Free Essays

I am glad to have been given this opportunity to talk to you today. The title of my speech is ‘Social ills among teenagers’. A lot has been said about the deviant behavior of teenagers. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology and Recreational Facilities or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our education system, the media, teenagers themselves and their parents have been blamed. here is no need to point an accusing finger at any particular group, but keeping mum over the issue is tantamount to condoning it. Our youths are our most valuable assets. They are the future leaders of the nation. The harm has already been done and it is now up to us to undo it. One of the main reasons why our youths go astray may be the lack of parental supervision. Nowadays, both parents go out to work. Children are left in the care of foreign maids and child-minders. As a result, they are faced with the threat of the disintegration of the family values and thus, the rising trend in social ills and crimes among teenagers. Parents should closely monitor the activities of their children and be understanding. When parents are often too busy pursuing their own careers to spare some thought for the welfare of their children, children grow up with little religious or moral guidance. When they do not get love and attention at home, they seek attention from others who may or may not come from similar backgrounds. Thus, the social ills affecting our youth may be a reflection of a much larger problem, such as the disintegration of the family unit. Ladies and gentlemen, the media may also play a part in the moral degradation among teenagers. Television programs which show violence and sex and glorify other negative aspects should be restricted. There should also be stricter enforcement of the ban on pornographic material. Teenagers with little or nothing to do during their spare time usually take to the streets. Therefore, recreational facilities such as those found in sports complexes should be available to all youths. at present, existing recreational facilities seem to either be exclusively for the rich or for older people. the establishment of teen clubs and community centers, that do not charge high fees and that specially target teenagers, should be given top priority. In conclusion, ladies and gentlemen, everyone, including religious, educational and social institutions, as well as individuals and the media, must cooperate with the authorities to combat the social ills afflicting our teenagers. It is important that people, especially youths, do not get into the rut of moral decay. There should be a thorough study of the problem before a proper strategy can be mapped out to channel our youths towards healthier lifestyles. Thank you for your kind attention and have a nice day. How to cite Sociology and Recreational Facilities, Papers

Satan and Jesus in John Miltons Paradise Lost Par Essay Example For Students

Satan and Jesus in John Miltons Paradise Lost Par Essay adise Lost essaysSatan and Jesus in Paradise Lost The subject, the drama, and the importance of Paradise Lost is grand. The epic represents what can be accomplished with the English language as sounds and syntax are carefully crafted. But the work is not shallow, because Milton argues forcefully the wisdom and justice of God Almighty for His dealings with mankind. In the words of Samuel Johnson, Milton attempts to show the reasonableness of religion. No doubt, Ezra Pound represents the most vocal of the anti-Milton faction. In his essay, Notes on Elizabethan Classicists, Pound accuses Milton of asinine bigotry, and dislikes the coarseness of his mentality. Pound admires the Byronic heroalone and rebelliouswho struggles to fight for his lost cause in spite of overwhelming odds. According to Pound, because of his heroic willingness to fight against God and to never give up, Satan is the true hero in Paradise Lost. However, based on his actions, Satan fails to be any kind of hero. The real hero of Paradise Lost is the Lord Jesus Christ. Satan is anything but a hero. Satan is a complainer and a whiner. When he realizes that he is in Hell, Satan begins complaining about his injurd merit. For Satan, life is not fair since God the Father loved and preferred His Son more than him. Even though Heaven was lost, Satan states that All is not lost. According to Satan, the unconquerable Will, the study of revenge, and immortal hate remained. However, everything worthwhile is lost. Satan is in Hell because he rebelled against God and God cast him with the rebel angels out of Heaven. Here Satan whines because he blames God for not revealing all of His power. Indeed, Satan states that God tempted the angels to rebel in order that the Lord could use His superior strength to crush the rebellion. Also, Satan is a coward. Not willing to confront the angels of Heaven, Satan resorts to disguise and to lying. As a stripling Cherub, Satan asks Uriel, an archangel, for directions to paradise in order to adore man and to praise God. Uriel does not see Satans hypocrisy, the only evil that walks / Invisible. Once on earth, Satan changes into a wolf, and then into a cormorant where he sits in the Tree of Life devising Death / To them who livd. Satan is not contented to be angry with God alone; he wants to destroy the innocent and powerless. In the evening, Satan does not approach Adam, but appears as a toad and whispers discontented thoughts, / Vain hopes, vain aims and inordinate desires into the ear of Eve. But after he seduces Eve to disobey God, Satan slunk / Into the Wood fast by. While watching Adam eat of the forbidden fruit, Satan sees the Son of God descend. Being terrified at the sight of Jesus, Satan flees from the presence of the Son of God, afraid of the punishment that he could receive for causing the downfall of man. Since he is a whiner, a complainer, a liar, and a coward who harms the weak, Satan is hardly made of the stuff that makes heroes. On the other hand, the Lord Jesus Christ acts heroically. The angels of Heaven battled the rebel angels for several days, but the conflict was a draw. Then God the Father sends his Son to quell the rebellion. The Son casts Satan and the angels out of Heaven with only half his strength. . . but checkd / His Thunder in mid Volley. Whereas Christ could have used all of His strength, he chooses Not to destroy, but root them out of Heavn. The hero will not utterly crush the weak like the rebel angels were, but will use only enough strength to accomplish the task. In addition to this, Christ is sent to the earth to judge Adam and Eve. .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d , .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .postImageUrl , .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d , .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d:hover , .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d:visited , .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d:active { border:0!important; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d:active , .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u605075b39ae38447faaa6a55fda4cf0d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Swot Analysis And General Report On The New Jica Organisation Essay Either man must die, or justice must. The Son of God states I shall temper so / Justice with Mercy. The true hero understands that justice without mercy is revenge. Yet mercy without justice is merely sentimentality. In the case of Adam and Eve, justice is necessary, but the justice will be tempered with mercy. Finally, the Son of God is most heroic when He offers to become the voluntary ransom for man. After none in Heaven dares to die in the place of fallen man, the Son pleads with the Father, Behold me then, me for him, life for life / I offer, on me let thine anger fall. The result of this sacrifice is that Admiration seizd / All Heavn as well it might. In Paradise Lost, the contrasts of Satan and the Son are profound. Satan blames God; the Son serves God. Satan hates mankind; the Son loves mankind. Satan comes to earth as an animal; the Son comes to earth as a man. The Son of God is everything that a true hero ought to be. On the other hand, Satan is doomed to have hell about him always because within him Hell / He brings. In short, Pounds hero, Satan, is no hero at all.